Blackheads and Whiteheads
Blackheads and Whiteheads
Blackheads and whiteheads are two common types of acne that can affect people of all genders and ages. While they may look different, they have similar causes and can be treated in similar ways. Let’s take a closer look at these skin conditions:
How Do Blackheads Develop
Blackheads are also called open comedones. Comedones are the skin-coloured bumps that form when you have a pimple. In the case of blackheads, these comedones consist of follicles beneath your skin with very large openings, or pores.
When your pores become clogged with a substance known as sebum, blackheads can develop. Sebum is a natural oil produced by your skin, which helps keep it moisturised and protected from harmful bacteria. However, when the pores become clogged with excess sebum, it can lead to the formation of blackheads.
It’s More Than Just Oily Skin
Another factor that can contribute to the formation of blackheads is hormonal changes. During puberty, for example, sebum production increases, leading to an increase in acne breakouts, including blackheads. Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy or menstrual cycles can also lead to increased sebum production and an increased risk of blackheads.
Once blackheads have developed, they can become inflamed and painful if left untreated. The skin surrounding the blackheads can become red and irritated, and the affected area may become itchy.
How Do Whiteheads Develop?
Whiteheads, also known as closed comedones, are a common skin problem that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with dead skin cells, oil, and bacteria. These buildups form beneath the skin, resulting in small, white bumps. Unlike blackheads, which are darker in colour due to exposure to air, whiteheads remain white or yellowish due to the enclosed nature of the follicle.
Formation of Whiteheads
The formation of whiteheads can be attributed to various factors. Excess sebum (oil) production by the sebaceous glands located beneath the skin’s surface is a common cause. Sebum normally helps to keep the skin moisturised, but when it combines with dead skin cells and bacteria, it can clog the hair follicles.
Another contributing factor is the size and shape of the hair follicles. Whiteheads commonly occur on the face, chest, and back, where the hair follicles are smaller and more numerous. These smaller openings make it harder for air to penetrate the follicle, preventing the development of a dark colour.
Contributing Factors
- Genetic Predisposition: Some people may be genetically predisposed to develop whiteheads, as they may have larger pores or a tendency to produce more sebum.
- Hormonal Changes: Hormonal changes, such as during puberty or pregnancy, can increase sebum production, leading to an increased risk of whiteheads.
- Acne-Prone Skin: Individuals with acne-prone skin have a higher likelihood of developing whiteheads due to increased oil production and changes in hormonal balance.
- Environmental Factors: Exposure to dirt, dust, and pollution can exacerbate the development of whiteheads, as they can clog the hair follicles even more.
Here are some tips to prevent blackheads and whiteheads:
– Avoid touching your face:
Hands can transfer oil and bacteria to the skin, which can worsen acne. – Avoid using pore-clogging products:
Avoid using heavy foundation, makeup, or other skincare products that can clog your pores.
– Avoid stress:
Stress can trigger hormonal changes and contribute to acne breakouts. Take steps to manage stress, such as practising relaxation techniques or getting enough sleep.
– Stay hydrated:
Drinking plenty of water can help maintain healthy skin and help prevent acne breakouts.
– Regular Facial:
Regular facial treatments can help prevent blackheads and whiteheads by deep cleansing the skin, removing excess oil and dead skin cells, and unclogging the hair follicles. Additionally, facial treatments often include exfoliation, which helps to remove trapped debris and promote cell turnover, resulting in clearer and smoother skin.
Treatment for Blackheads and Whiteheads
1. Over-the-counter treatments:
Many skincare products are available over-the-counter that can help treat blackheads and whiteheads. Look for products with salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, or glycolic acid to help unclog pores and prevent future breakouts.
2. Cleansing routines:
Clogged pores are a major cause of blackheads and whiteheads. Maintaining a good skincare routine can help prevent them from developing. Use a gentle cleanser to wash your face twice a day, and follow up with a moisturiser. Avoid scrubbing too hard or using harsh soaps, which can irritate the skin.
3. Steaming:
Steaming your face can help open up your pores and facilitate the removal of blackheads and whiteheads. Simply heat up a bowl of water, then lean over the bowl with your face about six inches away from the steam. This treatment can be done once or twice a week.
4. Regular Facial:
Regular facials are essential in treating blackheads and whiteheads as they involve deep cleansing, exfoliation, and extraction of impurities from the skin, leaving it smoother and clearer. Additionally, facials can also help to regulate oil production and prevent future breakouts.
